SSC CGL IMPORTANT HISTORY NOTES.

                              MUGHAL PERIOD (1526-1857)

MUGHAL DYNASTY WAS FOUNDED BY BABUR.

RULER 1.....  BABUR (1526-30)

BABUR  WAS A TURK WITH MONGOL BLOOD.

BABUR ESTABLISHED MUGHAL EMPIRE AFTER DEFEATING IBRAHIM LODHI.

BATTLE OF PANIPAT I -- 1526 . IT WAS A FIGHT BETWEEN BABUR AND IBRAHIM LODHI. LODHI WAS DEFEATED.

DAWLAT KHAN LODHI CALLED BABUR FEARING HIS OWN SAFETY BECAUSE OF IBRAHIM LODHI.

BATTLE OF KHANWA 1527 AD--THIS BATTLE WAS BETWEEN RANA SANGA AND BABUR.   BABUR WON THE BATTLE.

BATTLE OF CHANDERI 1528 AD.BABUR DEFEATED MEDINI RAI OF CHANDERI.

BATTLE OF GHAGHRA 1529 AD.BABUR DEFEATED MUHAMMAD LODHI. THIS WAS THE LAST BATTLE OF BABUR.

BABUR DIED IN AGRA 1530.BAGH-I-BABUR  OR  BABUR'S TOMB WAS FIRST IN AGRA AND THEN AFTER IT WAS SHIFTED IN KABUL.

AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF BABUR TUJK-E-BABRI ALSO CALLED AS BABUR NAMA WAS WRITTEN IN TURKISH.


RULER 2... HUMAYUN 1530-40 && 1555-56

HUMAYUN ruled for a decade and then he fought 2 battles.

a--- Battle of Chausa in 1539.
b--  Battle of Bilgram in 1540.

In both the battle humayun was defeated badly.
The battle was fought with  Sher Shah Suri who was a Afghan.

In 1542 humayun's wife Hamida Bano Begum gave birth to Akbar.




After 15 years of exile Humayun managed to recapture Delhi                                                           defeating  Sikander Sur in 1555.

 Humayun was called as Insan-i-kamil for his kind nature.

Biography of Humayun known as Humayun Nama was written by his sister Gulbadan Begum.

Humayun built famous library Dinpanah in Delhi.

Humayun tomb was built in Delhi in Akbar Reign.

Humayun slipped from the stairs of Dinpanah.

AKBAR(1556-1605)--

AKBAR WAS THE SON OF HUMAYUN.

BATTLE OF PANIPAT II  IN 1556, IT WAS FOUGHT BETWEEN HEMU AND BAIRAM KHAN(BAIRAM KHAN WAS THE REGENT OF AKBAR).

BATTLE OF HALDIGHATI IN 1576 BETWEEN RANA PRATAP(OF MEWAR)

AND MAAN SINGH (OF AJMER ).

THIS WAS THE FIRST TIME WHEN RAJPUTS WERE FIGHTING AGAINST EACH OTHER. MAAN SINGH LED AKBAR'S ARMY.

AKBAR STARTED NEW RELIGION WHICH WAS THE MIXTURE OF DIFFRENT RELIGION WHICH WAS DIN-I-ILLAHI IN 1581 .

BIRBAL WAS THE ONLY HINDU WHO FOLLOWED HIS NEW RELIGION.

AKBAR BUILT FOLLOWING FORT--

FATEHPUR SIKRI , HUMAYUN'S TOMB , AGRA FORT AND LAHORE FORT.

TULSIDAS LIVED DURING AKBAR'S REIGN.

AKBAR WAS BURIED AT SIKANDARA IN AGRA.

HEMU WAS THE LAST AND 14TH VIKRAMADITYA.

WORK DONE BY AKBAR IN ADMINISTRATION----

1. INTERSLAVERY WAS ABOLISHED BY AKBAR.

2.PILGRIMAGE TAX WAS ALSO REMOVED.

3. JIZYA WAS REMOVED.

4. IBADAT KHANA WAS  BUILT.

5. BIRBAL ORIGINAL NAME WAS MAHESH DAS.

JAHANGIR(1605-27)---

Jahangir was known for his strict administration of justice.

Zanjir-i-Adal(chain of justice) was there at Agra Fort.

In 1611,Jahangir married Mihar-un-Nisa. Later her name was changed to Nurjahan seeing her beauty.

Jahangir issued coin jointly on his name and his wife name.

Tujuk-i-Jahangiri in persian was the autobiography of Jahangir.

Jahangir was buried at Lahore.

Asmat Begum mother of Nurjahan started the trend of perfume.

Jahangir died due to Tuberculosis.

 

SHAH JAHAN(1627-58)---

Shah jahan married Mumtaj Mahal and in her memory he built Taj Mahal at Agra in 1653.

 He is known for the promotion of art & culture during his time.

Red Fort , Jama Masjid and Taj Mahal was built by him.

Shah Jahan was imprisioned by Aurangzeb where he died in 1666 and then was buried at Taj Mahal at Agra.